Compare the Mechanical Properties of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) and Textile-Reinforced Concrete (TRC) as A Composite Material

Abstract

This review paper examines two alternative reinforcement systems—Textile Reinforced Concrete (TRC) and Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP)—in comparison to conventional steel reinforcement. Both materials have attracted significant attention due to their potential to address issues such as corrosion, weight reduction, and improved durability. TRC, which combines a cementitious matrix with woven textile fibers, provides good ductility, crack control, and compatibility with concrete substrates, though it remains limited by relatively lower tensile capacity compared to carbon-based FRP and the need for further large-scale validation. FRP, consisting of continuous fibers embedded in a polymeric matrix, offers very high tensile and flexural strength with a superior strength-to-weight ratio, but suffers from brittle failure and environmental sensitivity (UV degradation, temperature effects). Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) observations and literature comparisons confirm that both TRC and FRP demonstrate distinct advantages and limitations depending on the application. The review highlights that neither system fully replaces steel reinforcement, but both serve as viable alternatives in specific contexts where mechanical performance, durability, and environmental conditions are critical design factors.