Assessment of the Chemical, Physical, and Microbiological Properties of Bottled Drinking Water Sold in the Markets of Ubari region, Libya
الملخص
This study aims to assess the quality of bottled drinking water available in the markets of Ubari city, southern Libya, by analyzing the physical, chemical, and microbiological properties of six locally produced brands. Parameters such as pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfates, and bicarbonates were evaluated. Microbiological tests were conducted to detect harmful microorganisms. Results showed that most samples met the Libyan quality standards, except for one brand that slightly exceeded the permissible limit for bicarbonates. Statistical analysis using SPSS (ANOVA) revealed significant differences among the samples. The findings highlight the importance of continuous monitoring to ensure the safety of bottled drinking water.