International Relations in the Era of Globalization
الملخص
Globalization has led to radical transformations in international relations, deepening economic interdependence among countries and increasing interdependence in trade, investment, and financial stability. States are no longer the sole actors, but new actors have emerged, such as multinational corporations and non-governmental organizations. The communications and information revolution has contributed to removing barriers and bringing peoples together, leading to a rapid exchange of ideas and the influence of cultures. However, globalization has brought about common cross-border challenges, such as climate change and migration, and the sovereignty of states has been affected by the demands of the global market. Despite these challenges, theories that call for a world governed by the principles of democracy and human rights are emerging, indicating that individuals are increasingly living in a global reality.