GEOTHERMAL ENERGY EXTRACTION FROM ABANDONED OIL WELLS AS SUSTAINABLE SOURCES OF RENEWABLE ENERGY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58916/jhas.v7i6.568الكلمات المفتاحية:
الانجليزيةالملخص
Abstract: Geothermal energy is a natural heat inside the Earth accumulated in rocks and fluids filling rock pores and crevices. As a renewable source of energy and heat, it is an alternative to conventional raw materials. Geothermal energy is an important emerging renewable technology that has the potential to provide power from a virtually unlimited reserve worldwide. Geothermal energy is an increasingly attractive source for renewable energy that can be used for power generation, heating/cooling, and a multitude of other direct-use applications. Each application will require a distinctive fluid temperature, with power generating operations requiring the highest fluid temperatures. Globally, the installed geothermal energy capacity has burgeoned from 1,300 MWe in 1975 to more than 10,715 MWe in 2015. The rise in geothermal energy is due to a higher global energy demand, rising energy prices, new innovative technologies, and the growing need to reduce the anthropogenic impact on the environment. Geothermal energy is important since it is accessible from anywhere in the world, provides a steady source of thermal power, is easily scaled up, and can be switched on/off to follow demand. The main disadvantage of extracting geothermal energy from deep resources is the high capital cost needed to drill the well(s), in order to access the higher temperature resources. The drilling phase is the most significant financial burden on any geothermal investment. It takes on average up to 70% of total investment costs, often making a potential investment economically unprofitable. Retrofitting abandoned petroleum wells for the purpose of geothermal extraction is a novel idea due to the fact that petroleum wells are generally deep enough to access high temperature strata. This paper has been carried out on twelve abandoned wells at Nafora oil field to look forward for reutilizing them by using subsurface data related to thermal characteristics of the produced water. The results of this data revealed that it could be used this produced water as a heat source due to their large quantity and higher enthalpy with an average value 243.58ºC that can be used in different applications particularly electricity generation by using flash steam power plant to sustainable development.
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