Hawa MohamedTalag Ali. “Merchants and the Arabic Language Were Factors That Helped Spread Islam In Western Sudan During the Two Centuries (2-3 AH 8-9 AD)”. Bani Waleed University Journal of Humanities and Applied Sciences 10, no. 1 (January 23, 2025): 201–212. Accessed December 25, 2025. https://jhas-bwu.com/index.php/bwjhas/article/view/667.